Lokacin daga kaka na 2021 zuwa farkon lokacin rani na 2022 ya sauka a cikin tarihin masana'antar a matsayin lokacin dankali mai tsada; ya zama ɗayan mafi nasara ga masana'antun samfuran tebur kuma yana da wahala ga masana'antu sarrafa su. Mahalarta sarrafa kasuwar suna tantance lokacin a matsayin mafi natsuwa, amma ba tare da matsala ba.
Kashi na zaki na wahalhalu ya faru ne sakamakon damina da aka yi, wanda ya kara tsawaita lokacin girbi a mafi yawan yankuna. "Na dade ina aikin noma, amma ban tuna wata shekarar da aka girbe dankali kafin karshen watan Nuwamba," in ji Alexander Shatalov, babban darektan gonar Bryansk "Melensky Dankali", "duk da cewa an girbe dankali. kokarin da aka yi, wasu kayayyakin sun kasance a filin, wannan ha 181 ne."
Tsaftacewa a lokacin sanyi ba zai iya shafar ingancin samfuran ba. Alexander Shatalov ya ci gaba da cewa: "Mun kammala aikin a zazzabi na +1 ° C, kuma ba a +10 ° C ba, kamar yadda aka ba da shawarar," in ji Alexander Shatalov, "sabili da haka, wasu samfuran (chip iri) sun wuce matakan sukari. Yanzu an ajiye dankalin, a hankali yana dumama, sukarin yana raguwa, amma tsarin yana tafiya a hankali.
A gonar Vesta Tambov, sun yi nasarar girbe dankalin gaba daya, amma ingancin wasu batches ya sha wahala. Mataimakin darektan kamfanin Viktor Solenkov ya ce: “A wannan shekarar mun haƙa iri don sarrafa su a ƙarshe, “an kammala girbin a ƙarƙashin dusar ƙanƙara, kuma kashi 5-8 na adadin ya daskare. Idan muna magana ne game da dankali dankali, ba za mu taɓa wannan yanki ba: irin wannan samfurin ba za a iya adana shi ba. Amma sun karbe mana shi don sarrafa shi, duk da cewa an samu raguwar farashin sayan, kuma muna godiya sosai ga masana’antar ta kwastomomi kan hakan.”
Kamfanonin sarrafawa suna koka game da ingancin albarkatun ƙasa, amma ana tilasta musu su dace da yanayi.
"A yankin Ryazan, inda kasuwancinmu yake, an binne dankali da yawa a ƙarƙashin dusar ƙanƙara, kuma abin da muka iya tattara bai cika ba," in ji daraktan Kamfanin sarrafa dankalin turawa, Yuri Mironov, "Kasimov. kuma dole ne mu rage bukatun albarkatun kasa. Don samar da fries, muna karɓar dankali tare da matakan sukari masu yawa, amma kada ku sanya su cikin samarwa, amma aika su zuwa ajiya. Bayan wani lokaci, sukari ya dawo daidai, kuma muka sanya dankalin yayi aiki.
Chips factory Lorenz Snack World Production Kirishi yana da aminci sosai ga masu samar da albarkatun ƙasa. Sergei Kokovin, manaja mai kula da siye da ba da dankali ya ce: “A wannan shekarar, dole ne mu ɗauki abin da kasuwa ke bayarwa.” Hakika, ina son ingantacciyar inganci. Babban matsalar da albarkatun da ke zuwa mana ba yawan sukari ba ne kamar injiniyoyi. Akwai dankali da yawa masu lahani. Dalilin a bayyane yake - girbi marigayi: nau'in sitaci iri-iri na kwakwalwan kwamfuta ba su da juriya ga lalacewar injina, musamman lokacin da ake aiwatar da aikin a cikin ƙananan zafin jiki. "
Kuma duk da haka, ba tare da la'akari da yanayin ba, masu sarrafawa sunyi imanin cewa kakar yana tafiya da kyau. Sergei Kokovin ya ce: "Yanzu muna da isassun kayayyaki daga masu samar da kayayyaki, ana kawo kayan da ake kawowa daga yankunan Leningrad, Novgorod, Tver, Ivanovo, Vladimir, Bryansk. (Tsarin yana cikin yankin Leningrad - ed.)".
Wani muhimmin fa'ida na kakar shine rashin samun sabani tsakanin masu sarrafawa da manoma game da farashin albarkatun kasa. A wannan shekara, a kan yanayin rashin dankali da ƙarancin farashin kayan abinci, sun faɗi a zahiri. Misali, Kasimovsky Dankali Processing Shuka ya rage farashin sayayya da rabi idan aka kwatanta da bara. Yawancin manyan masana'antu sun canza zuwa farashi mai ƙarfi, suna haɗa farashin albarkatun ƙasa zuwa kasuwa.
"Lokacin da ya gabata, manoma da yawa sun ƙi yin aiki tare da masu sarrafawa saboda tsananin farashin kwangila," in ji Viktor Solenkov, "sabili da haka, shukar da muke aiki da ita ta canza sharuɗɗan haɗin gwiwa: farashin albarkatun ƙasa yanzu ya dogara da matakin. na farashin kayan abinci na tebur a cikin sashin tallace-tallace (-20% na kasuwa). A wannan kakar, duk abin da aka yi alkawari ya cika a fili. Farashin ya juya ya zama mai kyau sosai, kuma abokin ciniki ya ba da jigilar kansa, an dauki dankali ba tare da rarrabuwa ba, "tare da datti" (ana cire nauyin ƙasar, ba shakka), kuma datti a wannan shekara ya kai har zuwa 20% na girbi."
Alexander Shatalov ya kara da cewa "An sanya hannu kan kwangilar samar da kayayyaki a karshen bazara, suna ba da damar daidaita farashin dangane da yanayin kasuwa," in ji Alexander Shatalov. ba tare da rarrabuwa ta hanyar girma da inganci ba. Yin la'akari da wannan, yana da kyau a yi aiki tare da na'urori masu sarrafawa fiye da sarƙoƙi na tallace-tallace; tabbas akwai ƙananan matsaloli. "
Har yanzu yana da wuya a iya hasashen yadda al'amura za su bunƙasa a masana'antar kafin fara isar da sabbin girbi. Masana sunyi magana game da yiwuwar aiwatar da yanayi daban-daban.
"Girbin dankalin turawa a 2022 bai yi kyau ba," Yuri Mironov ya bayyana ra'ayinsa, "amma idan aka yi la'akari da cewa ba a girbe komai ba, ba za a iya kawar da yiwuwar karancin albarkatun kasa ba. A gefe guda kuma, shekara daya da ta gabata kowa ya ji tsoron kada a samu isasshen dankali har lokacin bazara, amma a karshen kakar wasa an ba mu nau'in dankalin turawa wanda ya sa muka zabi ingancin da kuma rage farashin sayayya. .”
Masu ba da dankalin turawa su ma ba su shirya don ingantattun hasashen ba.
"Muna ƙoƙari mu bi kwangila; sabawa daga kundin da aka ƙayyade a cikin kwangila, a matsayin mai mulkin, bai wuce 10% ba, "in ji Alexander Shatalov. "Amma a wannan shekara komai zai dogara ne akan ko dankali ya dumi." Idan tubers ya kai matakin da ake so dangane da abun ciki na sukari, bai kamata a sami matsala ba. Babban mai siyan mu, babban mai kera guntu, yana sane da wannan lamarin.”
Yin tsare-tsare na dogon lokaci ya ma fi wahala. Duk da haka, masana'antu na ci gaba da bunkasa. A Rasha, ana gina sabbin kamfanoni kuma ana haɓaka samar da waɗanda aka riga aka sani a kasuwa. Musamman ma, mafi girma a cikin gida don samar da fries na Faransa, "Wee Fry" (yankin Lipetsk), baya watsi da tsare-tsaren da aka tsara a baya. Sergei Marchenko, darektan ci gaban shukar ya ce "Ana sa ran ƙaddamar da sabbin kayan aikin a cikin kusan shekara guda." "Layin samar da na biyu zai ba mu damar kara yawan kayan da aka gama zuwa ton 225 a kowace shekara da kuma yawan sarrafa dankalin turawa zuwa ton 000 a kowace shekara."
A sa'i daya kuma, Sergei Marchenko ya ba da misali da manyan abubuwan da ke kawo cikas wajen kara yawan sarrafa dankalin turawa a halin yanzu, a matsayin karancin dankalin iri wajen samar da albarkatun kasa da kuma karancin wuraren ban ruwa a gonakin kasar Rasha.
Shin manoma a shirye suke su fadada samar da iri don sarrafa su? Haƙiƙa, wannan ba aiki ba ne mai sauƙi har ma ga ƙwararru.
Alexander Shatalov ya ce "Har yanzu akwai bukatar albarkatun kasa daga masana'antun, kuma har yanzu ba za mu iya gamsar da shi ba tukuna, ko da yake gonarmu tana da kwarewa sosai wajen noman nau'ikan da suka dace. Mun kulla kwangilar juzu’i ɗaya, amma a gaskiya ba ya yiwuwa a cika ta gabaɗaya: wani lokacin girbi ya kan kasa, wani lokacin gona yakan kasance ba a girbe ba, wani lokacin kuma wani abu dabam.”
Amma hankali ga wannan bangare daga manoma, a cewar masana, yana karuwa - da farko saboda tabbacin samun riba.
"Bayan wannan shekarar, bisa ga abin da na lura, yawancin gonaki sun sake sha'awar sarrafawa," in ji Viktor Solenkov. – Wannan shi ne alƙawarin shugabanci. Akwai wasu fasahohin fasaha da ya kamata a yi la'akari da su (alal misali, yawan zafin jiki na dankalin turawa don sarrafawa ya fi girma kuma dole ne a bi da su tare da masu hana ci gaba daga Nuwamba), amma duk abin da za a iya warware. Babban abu shi ne cewa ta hanyar girma dankali a ƙarƙashin kwangila, mai sana'a yana karɓar kusan riba mai yawa da aka tsara. Idan muna shiga kasuwa ne kawai kuma ba mu da tushen abokin ciniki don dankalin tebur, da farko za mu mai da hankali kan samar da nau'ikan soya na Faransa. "
Mai aikin noma ya gamsu cewa ƙarin abin ƙarfafawa don faɗaɗa shirye-shirye don samar da dankalin turawa don sarrafawa zai iya zama bullo da sabbin nau'ikan iri masu amfani sosai.
"A halin yanzu, a cikin wannan yanki na filin, nau'in tebur ɗinmu yana samar da 60 t / ha, kuma nau'in fry yana samar da kimanin 50 t / ha, tare da fasahar girma iri ɗaya," in ji Viktor Solenkov, "ya nuna cewa fadadawa. yankin dankali Ba riba sosai a gare mu mu sarrafa. Mun yi ƙoƙarin shuka sabbin iri don soya, kuma ɗaya daga cikinsu ya nuna kyakkyawan sakamako, amma har yanzu abokin ciniki ba shi da tsarin iri don shi.
Ko nau'in da ake so zai bayyana a kasuwanmu kuma a cikin wane lokaci hakan zai faru a halin yanzu tambayoyi ne da ba mu da amsoshi.