A cewar kamfanin na EastFruit, a cikin farkon watanni biyar na wannan kakar kadai, kasar ta samu nasarar fitar da kusan wadannan kayayyakin kusan sau uku fiye da duk shekarar da ta gabata. A halin yanzu, shigo da sitarin dankalin turawa zuwa Ukraine ya fadi kasa warwas, kuma daidaiton cinikin kasar na iya kasancewa a karon farko ya isa ga alamun alheri a kalla a cikin shekaru biyar da suka gabata.
Shin komai yana da kyau a zahiri, shin Ukraine ta sami damar juya akalar shigo da sitarin dankalin da aka shigo da shi, kuma waɗanne abubuwa ne samfuran Yukren suke da shi a kasuwar duniya? EastFruit ya ba da damar warware shi tare da taimakon Sergey Samonenko, darektan VIMAL, babban mai samar da fitarwa a cikin Ukraine, da kuma Evgeny Kuzin, shugaban ayyukan duniya na Fruit-Inform.com, kawai bayani da hukumar bincike a Ukraine don kwararru a kasuwar 'ya'yan itace da kayan lambu.
A tsakanin lokacin daga Satumba 2020 zuwa Janairu 2021 kadai, Ukraine ta sami damar fitar da kusan tan dubu 1,1 na sitaci dankalin turawa, yayin da a lokutan da suka gabata, adadin fitarwa na duk shekarar tallan ya kasance daga tan 100-400. A halin yanzu, shigo da kayayyaki a cikin farkon watanni biyar na wannan lokacin ya kai tan 700 kawai, wanda kuma shi ne mafi ƙarancin rijista na wannan lokacin aƙalla shekaru biyar na ƙarshe da suka gabata.
Mabudin kuma kusan kasuwar tallace-tallace ce kawai ta itacen dankalin turawa a ƙasar waje a wannan kakar ya zama China, wacce ta shigo da kusan kashi 95% na duk kayan da aka fitarwa na Ukraine kuma tuni ta sami nasarar kafa sabon tarihi na shigo da kayayyaki daga Ukraine. Daga Satumba 2020 zuwa Janairun 2021 kadai, an tura kayayyaki sama da tan 1 na Ukraine zuwa China.
Sergei Samonenko ya ce: "A wani bangare, da gaske Ukraine ta samu nasarar kawo ci gaba a kasuwar sitaci dankalin kasar Sin a cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, kuma a yanzu za mu iya cewa China ta zama babbar hanyar fitar da kayayyaki zuwa masana'antar ta Ukraine." - Amma a zahiri, akwai matsala da ke ɓoye a bayan fagen fitar da sitaci na Yukren zuwa China - an fitar da furodusan Yukren daga kasuwarsu ta hanyar zubar da kaya daga Jamhuriyar Belarus. Cinikin cikin gida ya kawo asara kai tsaye, kuma fitarwa zuwa China aƙalla wata dama ce ta samar da damar tattalin arziƙi don samar da itacen dankalin turawa a cikin Ukraine. "
“Kasar Sin gaba daya ita ce kan gaba a duniya wajen shigo da dukkan nau’ikan sitaci kuma kowace shekara ana sayo daga tan miliyan biyu zuwa miliyan uku na wannan samfurin. Kodayake babban rukunin shigo da kayayyaki ga kasuwar kasar Sin sitaci ne wanda aka samar daga tubers na rowan zafi, amma shigo da sitarin dankalin turawa shima yana da matukar mahimmanci. Duk da irin karfin da take da shi na sarrafawa, kasar Sin ita ce kasa ta bakwai a duniya da ke shigo da sitarin dankalin turawa. Don haka, tare da samar da tan dubu 450 zuwa 500 na dankalin turawa na shekara-shekara, kasar Sin har yanzu tana shigo da wasu tan dubu 30-60 na wannan samfurin, ”in ji Yevgeny Kuzin.
Serhiy Samonenko ya ce "Yawan shigo da tataccen dankalin Turawa na tan 1,1 na da tasiri sosai a kasuwar kasar Sin kuma ba shi da kima idan aka kwatanta shi da shigowa daga EU."
A cewar FAS USDA, babbar matsalar masana'antar sarrafa dankalin Turawa a kasar Sin ita ce rashin ingancin kayan aiki. Don samar da sitaci a kasuwar China, galibi ana amfani da samfuran da ba a yarda da su ba, kuma don biyan buƙatun kasuwa na sitaci mai inganci, ana tilasta 'yan wasan cikin gida shigo da shi daga ƙasashen waje. Serhiy Samonenko ya ce: "Ingancin itacen sittin na Ukraine yana daya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan da za su kawo ci gaban Ukraine a kasuwar Sinawa." "Tabbacin tabbatacce na ingancin sitacin dankalin turawa da aka kawo daga Ukraine zuwa China na iya zama bayanan da aka riga aka rubuta na kwafin kayan marmarin kayayyakinmu a kasuwar kasar Sin".
An inganta sitaci na Yukren a cikin kasuwar Sinawa, gami da tashoshin sadarwa na zamani, misali, ta hanyar sigar gidan yanar sadarwar TikTok. Ka tuna cewa kamar yadda suke tallata kayan su da, misali, masu fitar da kayayyaki daga Chile, kasar da ake wa kallon daya daga cikin alamun kamfen din talla a cikin kasashen agrarian.
“Duk da haka, kodayake Ukraine ta yi nasarar kutsawa ta sami gindin zama a kasuwar ta China, amma damar da Ukraine ke da ita a wasu hanyoyin fitar da ita ba ta da wata ma'ana. Kuma duk muna tuna yadda dogaro kan kasuwar tallace-tallace ɗaya ta ƙare, - yayi gargadin Sergei Samonenko. - Idan muka yi la'akari da makwabta tallace-tallace kasuwanni, Ukraine yanzu yana da kusan babu dama ga aiki kayayyaki na dankalin turawa, sitaci. Duk ƙasashen da ke kewaye da mu, musamman ma Belarus, Rasha da membobin EU, suna ba da himma wajen samar da sitaci a matakin jiha. A sakamakon haka, yawan kayan da muke fitarwa zuwa kasashen bayan Soviet ba su da yawa, kuma akwai gasa mai wahala a cikin waɗannan kasuwannin. Kuma masana'antun daga wadannan kasashe suna fitar da kayayyakinsu gaba daya zuwa Ukraine, suna haifar da matsin lamba a kan kasuwar Yukren tare da yin farashi a kai. "
"Game da EU, wannan yanki kusan ba ya shigo da tataccen dankalin turawa daga kasashen da ke wajen EU, amma babban mai fitarwa ne na wannan samfurin, a kowace shekara yana aikawa zuwa wasu kasuwanni, ciki har da Ukraine, daga tan 250 zuwa tan dubu 470 na dankalin turawa," sharhi Yevgeny Kuzin ...
Serhiy Samonenko ya kara da cewa "Bugu da kari, kungiyar ta EU tana da kayyadajjen shigo da sitaci daga kasar ta Ukraine don shigo da kaya ba tare da biyan haraji ba na tan dubu 10 na dukkan nau'ikan kayayyaki, wadanda masu shigo da kayayyaki na kasar Yukren ke cika su da sauri."
Bugu da kari, kasashen EU, musamman Poland, da kuma Belarus suna aiki ne a cikin kasuwar Ukrenia don shigo da sitarin dankalin turawa. Waɗannan ƙasashe biyu kowace kakar suna samarwa daga 85% zuwa 94% na dukkan shigo da sitaci daga dankali a cikin Ukraine.
A halin yanzu, dangane da asalin shigo da abubuwa daga Jamhuriyar Belarus a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, a cewar Sergei Samonenko, daga cikin kamfanoni shida na Yukren da za su iya kera kayayyakinsu, biyu ne kawai aka kaddamar a kakar sarrafawa ta 2020-2021.
“Misalin lokacin 2019/20 na iya zama abin nuni, lokacin da wasu dalilai marasa kyau suka hadu a kasuwa lokaci daya, wanda hakan ya haifar da karin kaifin shigo da kaya. Don haka, ci gaba da zubar da sitaci daga Jamhuriyar Belarus ya biyo baya a kaka ta hanyar sake kimanta darajar kudin ƙasar, wanda ya inganta ƙimar shigo da sitacin dankalin turawa da rage gasa na masu fitar da kayan na Ukraine. Toara da wannan a hankali tashin farashin makamashi, kuma mun sami ɗayan adadi mafi yawa na shigo da sitarin dankalin turawa daga ƙasashe inda, ƙari ma, akwai shirye-shirye masu ƙarfi don tallafawa da tallafawa sashin dankalin turawa. Sakamakon haka, kasuwar ta mamaye cinikayyar shigo da kayayyaki, kuma farashin sitaci a Ukraine na farkon rabin kakar ya fadi da kashi daya bisa uku daga UAH 28 / kg zuwa UAH 19 / kg, ”in ji Serhiy Samonenko.
A cewar Sergey Samonenko, matsakaicin iyaka na noman sitaci dankalin turawa a cikin Ukraine har zuwa 2019 ya kasance 10-15%. Don haka, an riga an tilasta wa furodusan Yukren sayar da kayayyakinsu ƙasa da tsada. Duk masu nunin ayyukan kamfanoni a cikin masana'antar sun tabarbare da bala'i: yawan kayan masarufi ya fadi warwas, riba, riba da biyan haraji sun fadi. Ba a inganta halin da ake ciki ba ta raguwar farashin sayan dankali.
A dabi'ance, irin wannan halin nan gaba kadan na iya haifar da dakatar da kamfanoni gaba daya da kuma mummunar sakamako ga masana'antar sitaci da dankalin turawa a cikin Ukraine. A ranar 15 ga Disamba, 2020, ofungiyar Potungiyar Dankali da archan itacen Noma na Yukren, wanda Dokar ta Ukraine ta jagoranta "A kan Kariyar Produan Kasuwa daga fromauke da Shigowa" a ranar 22.12.1998 ga Disamba, 330 No. 07-XIV, sun shigar da korafi "A farawa da gudanar da bincike game da batun zubar da dankalin turawa zuwa Ukraine ta asali daga Jamhuriyar Belarus ”zuwa Ma’aikatar Tattalin Arziki, Ciniki da Noma ta Ukraine, wacce aka yi wa rajista a karkashin No. 115916 / 20-XNUMX .
Wani muhimmin mahimmanci a cikin mamayar shigo da dankalin turawa shine ingancin albarkatun kasa. Sergei Samonenko ya ci gaba da cewa, "Abin takaici, wani lokacin ingancin kayan kyan na Ukraine don samar da sitaci kawai baya tsayawa kan zargi, kodayake farashin siye danyen dankali a Ukraine ya fi na kasashen da ke gogayya."
Af, kamar yadda Yevgeny Kuzin ya lura, an lura da irin wannan yanayin a ɓangaren dankalin turawa a cikin Ukraine, tunda, dangane da matsalolin matsaloli na yau da kullun game da ingancin waɗannan kayan, Ukraine ta ci gaba da kashe miliyoyin daloli kan shigo da dankalin Turawa , ba da damar masu samar da kayayyaki daga Belarus su sami kuɗi a kasuwar Yukren.Lithuania da sauran ƙasashen Turai.