An tattara tan miliyan 7
Alexey Krasilnikov, Babban Daraktan kungiyar Dankali ta Rasha
A cewar Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ta Tarayyar Rasha har zuwa 31 ga Oktoba, 2019, an fitar da dankali a kamfanonin noma da gonakin manoma (gona) daga yanki mai girman hekta dubu 276,3, ko kuma kashi 91,4% na yankin shuka, an tono tan miliyan 7 (a cikin 2018 - tan miliyan 6,5) tare da amfanin ƙasa 254,4 c / ha (a 2018 - 233,4 c / ha).
A wasu yankuna, girbi yana ci gaba har yanzu, don haka sakamakon ƙarshe na wannan shekara zai kasance mafi girma. Muna jaddada cewa yanzu ma an girbe tan dubu 510 na dankali fiye da shekarar da ta gabata.
Lokacin ƙarewa bai kawo wata damuwa ta musamman ba game da rarraba wurare a cikin jerin manyan yankuna dangane da yawan rasit. Yankin Bryansk a al'adance sun mamaye layin farko: an tono tan dubu 809, matsakaita yawan amfanin ƙasa shine 303 c / ha. Amma ya kamata a lura cewa a shekarar da ta gabata sakamakon yankin ya fi haka: babban girbin ya kai tan dubu 896, yawan amfanin gona - 335 c / ha. Manoman dankalin turawa sun danganta wannan gaskiyar ga fari da ya dade na tsawon lokaci a yankin Bryansk a wannan bazarar, da kuma mamaye katon dankalin turawa.Mafi yawa ga sauran yankuna a cikin goman farko, lokacin ya fi kyau, kuma sun zarce nasarorin da suka samu a shekarar da ta gabata.
Don haka, a cikin yankin Tula, an tono tan dubu 555 (a shekara ta 2018 - tan dubu 374).
Wannan bambance-bambancen ba zai iya fahimta ba: a shekarar 2019, yankin Tula ya ninka yankin da amfanin gona ya shuka: daga kadada 16 zuwa 18,2 dubu kadada.
Na gaba ya biyo bayan yankin Nizhny Novgorod, inda aka tattara tan dubu 479 (a kan dala dubu 360 a shekarar 2018). Matsayi na huɗu a cikin yankin Moscow: tan 427 dubu tan (idan aka kwatanta da tan dubu 328 a cikin 2018). Yankin Sverdlovsk ya rufe tan biyar: 282 dubu tan (da tan 264 dubu a cikin 2018).
Hakanan za mu gabatar da sakamakon yankin Astrakhan - tan dubu 273 (tan dubu 182 a shekarar 2018); Yankin Tyumen - tan dubu 259 (tan dubu 239 a shekara daya da ta gabata); Yankin Lipetsk - tan dubu 189 (tan dubu 163 a 2018); Jamhuriyar Chuvashia - tan dubu 172 (tan dubu 143 a 2018) da yankin Kemerovo - tan dubu 164 (tan dubu 195 a 2018).
Mafi kyawun alamomi dangane da yawan dankalin turawa a wannan shekara an nuna su ta: yankin Nizhny Novgorod - 337 c / ha, Pskov - 334 c / ha da Lipetsk region - 326 c / ha. Gabaɗaya, shekarar ta zama mai amfani ga yawancin yankuna na ƙasar, amma girbi bai kasance mai sauƙi ko'ina ba. Manoman dankalin turawa na yankin Sverdlovsk sun lura da matsaloli: tsawan ruwan sama a watan Satumba ya haifar da kwararar ƙasa mai ƙarfi, wanda ya inganta tsawon lokacin aikin. Yawancin masu samar da aikin gona sun nuna tsoron cewa wani muhimmin ɓangare na wadataccen girbi zai shiga ƙarƙashin dusar ƙanƙara, amma a halin yanzu an daidaita yanayin: a cewar Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ta yankin, a ƙarshen Oktoba, an girbe dankali daga 97% na yankin shuka.
Yanayin gaggawa saboda ƙimar watanni biyu da aka gabatar a cikin Oktoba a cikin Vologda Oblast, an yi rikodin matsaloli iri ɗaya a yankin Novgorod.
A halin yanzu, a cikin Vologda Oblast, an girbe dankali daga 82,6% na yankin (an tattara tan dubu 57, a cikin 2018 - tan dubu 59), a yankin Novgorod - daga 86% (an karɓi tan dubu 88,3, a 2018 - m - tan dubu 84,6). Dangane da waɗannan bayanan, za mu iya cewa duk da cewa manoman dankalin turawa a cikin waɗannan yankuna lalle za su tafka asara, har yanzu lamarin bai zama bala'i ba.
Wani yanayi mafi wahala ya ɓullo a Gundumar Tarayyar Gabas ta Tsakiya. A cikin yankin Khabarovsk, alal misali, an tono dankali daga kashi 10% na yankin, an girbe tan dubu 0,9 (a shekarar 2018 - tan dubu 14,5). A lokacin bazara, kadada dubu 24 na yankin yankin ya fada cikin ambaliyar ruwa. Yanzu ana sayen dankali ga mazaunan yankin a wasu yankuna na Rasha da China.
PRICES A SHEKARA ta ƙarshe Karshe
Girbi mai yalwa, wanda aka tattara a kusan dukkanin yankuna na Rasha, baya ba da gudummawar hauhawar farashin samfurin. Ya zuwa ƙarshen Oktoba, a cikin yankunan tsakiyar Rasha da cikin yankin Volga, ana siyar da dankali da yawa a farashin da ya fara daga 9 zuwa 11 rubles - ma’ana, a matakin shekarar da ta gabata ko ƙasa kaɗan. A lokaci guda, dankali a Bryansk, Belgorod da Voronezh sun fi 15-20% rahusa fiye da yankuna maƙwabta.
Zai yi wuya a iya annabta kowane canje-canje a wannan yankin, amma muna fatan cewa farashin zai ƙara haɓaka. Don yin irin wannan zato yana ba da izinin gaskiyar cewa mafi yawan dankali na Belarus a wannan shekara ya tafi Ukraine (inda wannan shekara ta lalacewar amfanin gona, kuma farashin ya karya duk bayanan da aka yarda tun tsakiyar watan Agusta) kuma kada ku sanya matsin lamba a kasuwarmu.
Har ila yau ana lura da mummunan karancin dankali a Moldova; akwai buƙatun don fitarwa daga Serbia. Amma har yanzu ba a sami damar kafa wadatattun kayan dankali daga Rasha a wurin ba. Babban cikas: shigo da dankali dankali da aka kamuwa da kwayar Y (nau'in da ke da halayyar Rasha da Belarus) an haramta shi a cikin wadannan kasashe. Ana ɗaukar nau'in cutar ta Turai yarda. Kungiyar Dankali ta roki Rosselkhoznadzor na Tarayyar Rasha tare da neman a warware wannan batun, an yi shawarwari tare da wakilan kasashe, amma har zuwa yanzu ba a sami mafita ba.
Hakanan muna tsammanin rabon zaki daga dankali na Masar, kamar yadda shekarar da ta gabata, zata tafi kasashen Turai, wanda yawancin su ma suka sha wahala daga fari a wannan karon.
Ka tuna cewa lokacin kakar 2018/19, jigilar dankalin turawa daga Masar zuwa Rasha ya fadi sau biyu da rabi.
Bugu da kari, kamfanonin sarrafa dankalin Turawa na cikin gida suna haɓaka, suna cire samfura masu yawa daga kasuwa. Don haka, kamfanin Lipetsk na Lam Lamonon Belaya Dacha yana shirin ƙaddamar da mataki na biyu kuma yana tunanin na uku. A cikin yankin Ryazan, bayan sabuntawa, shuka na Kasimovsky Dankali ta sake fara aiki. A watan Satumba, Yankin Tyumen a hukumance ya buɗe shuka KRiMM.
MAGANAR BAYANAN HAKA
A yanzu haka, masana'antun Rasha suna shirye-shiryen aikace-aikacen zuwa Rosselkhoznadzor don duba yawan ƙwayar dankalin turawa (gami da ƙananan tsire-tsire da ƙaramin-tubers), waɗanda aka shirya za a kawo su cikin ƙasar daga sabuwar shekara. Plaan ƙananan dabbobi sun riga sun fara isa Rasha.
Abin ban sha'awa, a wannan shekara a cikin janar ɗin akwai buƙatun don samar da kayan ƙira daga Switzerland da China. Haka kuma, wakilan Rosselkhoznadzor zasu tafi China nan gaba kadan (da farko manufar ziyarar ita ce duba wuraren da ake girke tsire-tsire, amma kwararru ma sun shirya don zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje don samar da kananan ayyukan, kayayyakin da bangaren Rasha zai saya).
Ya kamata a sani cewa Rosselkhoznadzor yana yin ayyuka da yawa don sauƙaƙe tsarin don shigo da kayan ƙira zuwa Rasha daga wasu ƙasashe. Musamman, kwanan nan, ƙwararrun sashin sun kirkiro da tsarin "Ba da izini don shigo da samfurori masu sarrafawa don amfani da shuka da shuka" (tsarin VRVPP) akan Insaddamar da Bayanin Bayanan Bayanai na Tarayya na Argus-Fito, wanda a halin yanzu yana fuskantar gwaji kuma ana shirin tsara aiki har zuwa karshen shekarar 2019.
An tsara tsarin ne don sauƙaƙe hanyar yin ƙira da la'akari da aikace-aikacen don shigo da samfuran samfuran. Zai ba ku damar adana rikodin aikace-aikacen da aka ƙaddamar da izini da aka ba su daidai da su don shigo da iri da kayan shuka, kayan amfanin gona na kwan fitila da bin diddigin aikace-aikacen da aka ƙaddamar ta kan layi. Bugu da kari, tsarin zai kawar da kurakuran fasaha da mahalarta cikin ayyukan tattalin arzikin kasashen waje ke gabatarwa yayin gabatar da aikace-aikacen, gajarta lokacin la’akari da aikace-aikacen, hanzarta hanyoyin aika amsoshi da izini ga bukatun da aka gabatar, kawar da bukatar gabatar da aikace-aikace a takarda, da kuma tabbatar da bayyana gaskiya da kuma amfani.
Bari mu fatan cewa wani ɓangare na matsalolin wadata zai magance da sauri.
Af, ba mu da wata bege mai yawa game da Tsarin Bayanai na Gwamnatin Tarayya a Fiye da iri na samar da tsirai na Noma (FSIS "Tsarin iri") wanda Ma'aikatar Aikin Noma ta bunkasa. Tsarin yakamata ya bawa mahalarta kasuwa damar iya gano asalin kowace kwayar iri, kayan aikinta, tarin abubuwan gado, da dai sauransu bisa ga tsarin, tsarin zai yi aiki daidai tun farkon 2020.
Amma a dawo da matsalolin kayayyaki daga kasashen waje. Wadancan ne wadanda mai nema galibi suka fuskanta lokacin gabatar da aikace-aikacen an jera su a shafin yanar gizon hukuma na Rosselkhoznadzor. Akwai kuma bayanan da za su tabbatar da matsayin lafiyar dabbobi da kuma tabbatar da cewa an gano kayan, dukkan aikace-aikacen da aka gabatar an mika su ga kungiyoyin kare amfanin gonar na kasashen da ke fitarwa ta hanyar ofisoshin jakadancin wadannan jihohin. Dangane da wannan, lokacin jiran izinin yana jinkiri ne daga watanni uku zuwa hudu, wanda yake mahimmanci ne ga waɗanda suka yi niyyar shigo da ƙananan ƙwayoyin (hanya ba ta dace da rayuwar ƙananan ƙwayar ba). Ana warware wannan batun, masana masana na Dankali, tare da ƙwararrun Rosselkhoznadzor, suka ƙera keɓaɓɓiyar hanya don wadatar da irin wannan nau'in kayan shuka.
A yau, hanyar ta fara ne da roƙon kamfanin shigo da kaya zuwa Rosselkhoznadzor tare da sanarwa game da menene, a cikin wane girma kuma daga wane yanki ake shirin shigo da shi. Rosselkhoznadzor ya nemi jami'an hukuma game da yiwuwar fitarwa zuwa ƙasar don tabbatar da kasancewar waɗannan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma tabbacin cewa sun girma a cikin yanayin ƙasa mai rauni (wanda ke haifar da ƙarancin lafiyar jiki). Bayan samun tabbaci, Rosselkhoznadzor ya aika da sanarwa ga kamfanin shigo da kaya cewa an yarda da shigo da kayayyaki. Plaan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta sun isa tashar tsallaka iyaka kuma ana tura su zuwa gaba zuwa takaddun makoma ba tare da ƙarin jarrabawa ba.
Kuma 'yan kalmomi game da farashin shigo da dankali iri. Kamar yadda kowa ke tunawa, bara saboda fari na Turai, mun rubuta karancin dankali na kayan amfanin kasashen waje a cikin kasuwarmu, da kuma hauhawar farashin kayayyaki. A halin yanzu, ana kuma iya lura da cewa akwai matsaloli game da amfanin gona, alal misali, a cikin Jamus, amma ya yi saurin magana game da yadda ƙasashen Turai za su iya samar da kuri'a don Rasha.