Daga mujallar No. 3 2014
Category: Yanki
Yankin Penza wanda yake a Gabashin Turai Plain, a cikin Volga Upland. Yankin 43 murabba'in mita. km. Yankin yankin daga yamma zuwa gabas yana da kilomita 3, daga arewa zuwa kudu - kilomita 330.
Yankin yana kusa da mahaɗar yankuna uku na halitta: tsakiyar chernozem, wanda ba chernozem ba da yankin Volga bushe.
Yawan jama'ar yankin, a cewar Rosstat, mutane 1 ne, wanda kashi 360% mazauna karkara ne.
Yanayin yanayi yana da matsakaicin matsakaicin nahiya, tare da lokacin zafi mai kyau (matsakaicin yanayin Yuli 19-21 ° C) da lokacin sanyi (daga -11 ° zuwa -13 ° C). Mafi rashin kwanciyar hankali yanayin yanayi shine hazo: adadin shekara a yankin yana jujjuyawa tsakanin 450-500 mm, a cikin bushewar shekaru yana raguwa zuwa 350 mm, kuma a cikin shekaru da yawa yana tashi zuwa 775 mm. Farin bazara na al'ada ne, kuma lokacin bushewa yakan sake faruwa a lokacin rani.
Yanayin yanayi da yanayin yanayi da yuwuwar aikin noma na yankin Penza sun ba da damar samun girbin dankalin turawa mai kyau.
Manyan maki
A cikin shekaru biyar da suka gabata, yankin da ake noman dankalin turawa a kungiyoyin aikin gona da gonakin manoma ya karu sosai: daga hekta dubu 2,7 a shekarar 2009 zuwa kadada dubu 5,0 a shekarar 2013. A cikin 2014, kadada dubu 5,8 ne dankali a cikin tsarin da aka tsara; gabaɗaya, masu samar da noma na kowane nau'in mallaka za su girbe dankali daga yanki mai girman kadada dubu 39,7.
Babban girbin dankalin turawa a cikin 2014 a kungiyoyin aikin gona da gonakin manoma a yankin Penza an shirya shi akan tan dubu 80. Waɗannan manyan tsare-tsare ne ga manoman yankin. Don haka a shekarar 2009, yawan girbin dankalin turawa a fannin kasuwanci ya kai ton dubu 37,3, a shekarar 2013 - 45,8 ton dubu.
A lokacin shirye-shiryen kayan (a watan Agusta 27), kamfanonin noma na duk nau'ikan mallakar mallaka sun girbe dankali daga yanki mai girman kadada dubu 24,62, an haƙa ton 325,67 dubu, matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa shine 132 c / ha.
A cikin gonakin da aka tsara, an girbe dankali daga yanki mai girman hectare 367, an haƙa tan dubu 4,92 na dankali, matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa shine 131 c/ha. Aikin girbin dankalin turawa yana ci gaba da sauri a cikin Shemysheysky, Lopatinsky, Vadinsky da Penza na yankin Penza.
Shirye-shiryen Tallafi na Yanki
Don aiwatar da manyan tsare-tsare da samun sakamako mai kyau a cikin noman dankalin turawa - wannan shi ne daidai abin da matakan tallafi na jihohi ta hanyar Ma'aikatar Aikin Noma ta yankin ke nufi.
A wannan shekara, a matsayin wani ɓangare na tallafawa samar da dankali da kayan lambu ga masu noma a yankin Penza, an ba da tallafin da ba shi da alaƙa a fannin noman amfanin gona a cikin adadin 6 rubles a kowace hectare 200 na yankin da aka shuka, 1% na adadin sake gyarawa. ana mayar da shi na ɗan gajeren lokaci (har zuwa shekara 100) da kuma na dogon lokaci (daga 1 har zuwa shekaru 2 kuma daga shekaru 8 zuwa 2) lamuni da lamuni.
A kan gasa, ana ba da tallafin har zuwa 1,5 miliyan rubles don ƙirƙirar masana'antar manoma (gona) ƙwararrun masana'antar samarwa, ajiya, tattarawa da sarrafa dankali da kayan lambu a cikin tsarin shirin sashen "Taimako ga manoma na farko. don lokacin 2012-2014." A wannan shekara, mahalarta tara a cikin abubuwan da suka faru na shirin za su sami kyauta a cikin adadin 1,5 miliyan rubles don bunkasa dankalin turawa da kayan lambu. A halin yanzu, ma'aikatar aikin gona ta yankin ta sanar da matakin na biyu na gasar karbar takardun neman shiga wannan shiri na sashen.
Bugu da kari, a wannan shekara masu samar da aikin gona suna tallafawa wani ɓangare na farashin siyan tsaba na dankalin turawa a cikin adadin 500 rubles da ton 1 na tsaba. Hakanan ana ba da tallafin wani ɓangare na farashi don ƙirƙirar cibiyoyin dabaru a cikin tsarin tattalin arziƙi na yanki mai mahimmanci "Ƙirƙirar cibiyoyin dabaru da nufin tabbatar da ci gaba mai dorewa na noman dankalin turawa, shuka kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itace da sauran kayayyakin aikin gona a yankin Penza. don 2014-2016." Wannan shirin yana ba da kuɗin 30% na farashin gine-gine (sake ginawa, zamani), sayan injuna da kayan aiki don rarrabawa da adanawa, kayan fasaha da layi don aiki na lokaci-lokaci, sarrafawa, marufi da ajiya, kayan sanyi, iska da kula da yanayi. tsarin.
A halin yanzu, a kan yankin Penza a cikin gundumar Belinsky, ana aiwatar da babban aikin don ƙirƙirar cibiyar dabaru don samarwa, adanawa da sayar da dankali ta JSC Bashmakovsky Bread. Kowane mataki na cibiyar dabaru wani hadadden tsari ne na ajiya da pre-sayar da dankali da kayan lambu tare da damar ton dubu 15, wanda ya kunshi wuraren ajiyar nau'in archae guda shida tare da damar ton dubu 2,5 kowanne da fasahar haɗin ginin fasaha. su - wani gallery, inda za a samar da layin fasaha da rarrabawa da tattarawa.
Asusun iri
Cibiyar Nazarin Aikin Noma ta Penza, dake ƙauyen Lunino mai aiki, tana taimakawa samar da gonakin dankalin turawa a yankin da kayan iri. Cibiyar ta shafe shekaru sama da 100 tana gudanar da ayyukanta cikin nasara.
Ma'aikatan PenzNIISH suna ba masu amfani da lafiya iri iri 21 dankalin turawa. Wannan jerin ya haɗa da farkon nau'in (Zhukovsky farkon, Zhigulevsky, Darenka, Vineta, Penza skorospelka, Utenok, Udacha, Bullfinch); tsakiyar farkon (Svitanok Kyiv, Ramsay, Rasha Souvenir, Skazka); tsakiyar kakar (Roko); tsakiyar marigayi (Lorch).
Baya ga nau'ikan da aka jera, Sante, Valiza, Golubizna, Malinovka, Master, Petersburgsky, Nikulinsky, Tescha, Batya, Bryansk kuma ana samun su. Dukkan nau'ikan ana bambanta su ta hanyar babban aiki, juriya na cututtuka, da kyakkyawar gabatarwa.
Tallace-tallacen girbi
Da yake magana game da sayar da dankali, yana da kyau a lura cewa ma'aikatar noma ta cikin gida tana warware wannan muhimmin batu. Ana gudanar da tarurrukan aiki akai-akai tare da masu samar da aikin gona da wakilan sarƙoƙi. A yau akwai sakamako: dankalin gida ya isa cikin shagunan sarkar. Wannan babban mataki ne ga masu samar da gida da kuma sakamako mai kyau na tsarin aiki, cikakken aikin Gwamnatin Jihar Penza.
A cikin yankin, ana samun karuwar hulɗar shekara-shekara tsakanin kamfanonin kasuwanci na kowane nau'i da masu kera kayayyaki na Penza. Bugu da ƙari, Ma'aikatar Aikin Noma tana nazarin batun samar da "kusurwoyin manoma" a cikin sarkar tallace-tallace, wanda zai gabatar da samfurori masu dacewa da muhalli daga masu sana'a na gida a kan farashi mai araha, don yin magana, "daga lambun zuwa gaba."
Siyar da dankalin Penza na sabon amfanin gona, wanda aka girma a yankin Penza, ya fara a cikin shagunan Kasuwancin Kasuwancin "Shop na gundumara". Sun gamsu da ingancin dankalin kuma suna fatan kara hadin gwiwa mai amfani. A dillali, ana sayar da dankali a farashin 12 rubles. 90 kofe ku 1 kg.
Za mu iya a amince cewa yankin Penza yana da ikon samar da al'ummar yankin tare da dankali mai kyau; Bugu da ƙari, akwai dama na gaske don samar da albarkatu na amfanin gona a ko'ina cikin Rasha.
A yau, idan aka yi la’akari da yanayin kasuwannin siyasa da na tattalin arziki, za mu iya cewa matakan tattalin arziki na musamman da aka bullo da su domin tabbatar da tsaron jihar suna da manufar kare muradun kasa, gami da samar da abinci. Takunkumin da aka sanya zai yi tasiri mai kyau ga masu noma. A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, rukunin masana'antar noma-masana'antar mu yana nuna haɓaka mai ƙarfi a cikin samar da kayan abinci na noma; sabbin dama, da farko, za su buɗe wa masu samar da aikin gona na cikin gida, gami da Penza; kasuwar abinci za ta cika da sabo. , kayan abinci masu inganci, wanda, kamar yadda tsarin amfani ya nuna, ga 'yan ƙasa sun fi na ƙasashen waje fifiko.
Litattafan ma'aikatar aikin gona ta yankin Penza ne suka shirya wannan kayan